Kvartet for to violiner, bratsch og cello, opus 44

Kvartet for to violiner, bratsch og cello, opus 44 Publisher DCM Danish Centre for Music Editing

Royal Danish Library Søren Kierkegaards Plads 1 P.O. Box 2149 DK - 1016 Copenhagen K

Niels Bo Foltmann Axel Teich Geertinger Peter Hauge Niels Krabbe Bjarke Moe Elly Bruunshuus Petersen Sigfrid Lundberg Katarina Smitt Engberg Niclas Nørby Hundahl 2014 Carl Nielsen Works CNW MerMEId

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44 58 II/10 41 36 Kvartet for to violiner, bratsch og cello, opus 44 Quartet for Two Violins, Viola and Cello, Opus 44 Piacevolezza Carl Nielsen Den københavnske Strygekvartet (Gunna Breuning, Gerhard Rafn, Ella Faber, Paulus Bache) 1906

Nielsen composed the quartet, Op. 44, between two of his major achievements: the opera Maskarade (CNW 2) and the music for the melodrama Hr. Oluf han rider– (CNW 7). The first two movements of the quartet were dated at the beginning of 1906, while the last two ones were finished in the summer. It seems that the quartet was revised several times, between different performances (1906–12) and up until its publication in 1923.

Danish English Documents letter Carl Nielsen Knud Harder 1906-05-17 privately owned CNB III/26 letter Carl Nielsen Knud Harder 1906-05-17 privately owned CNB III/26 letter Carl Nielsen Bror Beckman 1906-07-04 S-Skma Bror Beckmans arkiv CNB III/49 letter Carl Nielsen Bodil Neergaard 1906-07-26 DK-Kk Acc. 2002/11 CNB III/55 CNL 217 letter Carl Nielsen Henrik Knudsen 1906-08-09 DK-Kk CNA IAc CNB III/63 M & M 77 CNL 218 letter Carl Nielsen Robert Henriques 1907-11-25 DK-Kk NKS 3783 4° CNB III/420 letter Carl Nielsen Angul Hammerich 1907-11-26 DK-Kk CNA IAc CNB III/423 CNL 231 letter Carl Nielsen Ove Rode 1907-11-26 DK-København, Rigsarkivet Ove Rodes privatarkiv CNB III/424 letter Hugo Seligmann Carl Nielsen 1907-11-30 DK-Kk CNA IAb CNB III/428 letter Poul Rosenhoff Carl Nielsen 1907-12-01 DK-Kk CNA IAb CNB III/429 letter Carl Nielsen Knud Harder 1907-12-02 privately owned CNB III/430 M & M 90 letter Hugo Seligmann Carl Nielsen 1907-12-02 DK-Kk CNA IAc CNB III/431 letter Knud Harder Carl Nielsen 1912-07-16 DK-Kk CNA IAb CNB IV/398 letter Carl Nielsen Wilhelm Hansen 1920-07-24 DK-København, Edition Wilhelm Hansen CNB VI/426 letter Carl Nielsen Eggert Møller 1920-08-17 DK-Kk CNA IAa8 CNB VI/436 letter Carl Nielsen Irmelin Eggert Møller 1920-09-01 DK-Kk CNA IIIAa1 CNB VI/447 letter Henri Hinrichsen Wilhelm Hansen 1920-10-09 DK-København, Edition Wilhelm Hansen CNB VI/463 letter Carl Nielsen Lisa Mannheimer 1922-05-23 privately owned CNB VII/231 CNL 488 letter Carl Nielsen Anne Marie Carl-Nielsen 1922-08-23 DK-Kk CNA IIAa CNB VII/323 T Sch 458 CNL 500 letter Carl Nielsen Henri Hinrichsen 1923-05-05 D-LEsta CNB VII/489 letter Carl Nielsen Henri Hinrichsen 1923-06-25 D-LEsta CNB VII/512 letter C.F. Peters Verlag Carl Nielsen 1923-09-19 D-LEsta CNB VII/547 letter Carl Nielsen Bror Beckman 1924-01-24 S-Skma Bror Beckmans arkiv CNB VIII/5 CNL 531 letter Carl Nielsen Carl Johan Michaelsen 1924-07-30 DK-Kk Acc. 1995/55 CNB VIII/111 letter Henri Hinrichsen Carl Nielsen 1925-02-11 D-LEsta CNB VIII/237 letter Carl Nielsen Niels Hjelme 1925-10-02 privately owned CNB VIII/445 letter Carl Nielsen Henri Hinrichsen 1925-11-13 D-LEsta CNB VIII/475 letter Carl Nielsen Emil Telmányi 1927-11-30 DK-Kk CNS CNB IX/780 letter Wilhelm Frederik Laub Carl Nielsen 1927-11-30 DK-Kk CNA IAb CNB IX/782 letter Carl Nielsen Anne Marie Telmányi 1927-12-01 DK-Odense, Carl Nielsen Museet CNB IX/786 letter Johan Ludwig Mowinckel Carl Nielsen 1931-01-30 DK-Kk CNA IAb CNB XI/459 CNL 720 letter Carl Nielsen Hans Henny Jahnn 1931-08-12 D-Hs NHHJ; Ni 161-167 CNB XI/741 CNL 734 B-to Harald Giersing Carl Nielsen Aage Oxenvad Johannes C. Bjerg interview journal Kunstudstilling med Musik Hver 8. Dag 1919-01-17 Samtid 61 Bibliography article journal Robert Layton Nielsen and the String Quartet The Listener 64 1637 238 Aug. 1960 article journal Frede Schandorf Petersen Nu maa der gøres noget! Dansk Musiktidsskrift 22 9 198–99 1947 article book Povl Hamburger Orkester- og kammermusikken Carl Nielsen: i hundredåret for hans fødsel <editor xml:id="editor_N209FC">Jürgen Balzer</editor> <biblScope unit="page" xml:id="biblScope_N20A02">19–45</biblScope> <imprint xml:id="imprint_N20A05"> <date isodate="1965" xml:id="date_N20A06">1965</date> <pubPlace xml:id="pubPlace_N20A09">Copenhagen</pubPlace> <publisher xml:id="publisher_N20A0B">Nyt Nordisk Forlag Arnold Busck</publisher> </imprint> </bibl> <bibl label="" xml:id="bibl_60e1db5d"> <genre xml:id="genre_N20A12">article</genre> <genre xml:id="genre_N20A14">book</genre> <author xml:id="author_N20A16">Povl Hamburger</author> <title level="a" xml:id="title_N20A18">Orchestral Works and Chamber Music Carl Nielsen: Centenary Essays <editor xml:id="editor_N20A20">Jürgen Balzer</editor> <biblScope unit="page" xml:id="biblScope_N20A26">19–46</biblScope> <imprint xml:id="imprint_N20A29"> <date isodate="1965" xml:id="date_N20A2A">1965</date> <pubPlace xml:id="pubPlace_N20A2D">Copenhagen</pubPlace> <publisher xml:id="publisher_N20A2F">Nyt Nordisk Forlag Arnold Busck</publisher> </imprint> </bibl> <bibl label="" xml:id="bibl_78d490d3"> <genre xml:id="genre_N20A36">book</genre> <author xml:id="author_N20A38">Lena Skov</author> <annot xml:id="annot_N20A3A"> Speciale. </annot> <title level="m" xml:id="title_N20A3D">Carl Nielsens tidlige kammermusik: Karakteristiske stiltræk i Carl Nielsens kammermusik for 4-5 strygeinstrumenter indtil ca. 1906 <imprint xml:id="imprint_N20A49"> <date isodate="1974" xml:id="date_N20A4A">1974</date> <publisher xml:id="publisher_N20A4E">University of Copenhagen</publisher> </imprint> </bibl> <bibl label="" xml:id="bibl_5ced892d"> <genre xml:id="genre_N20A55">article</genre> <genre xml:id="genre_N20A57">book</genre> <author xml:id="author_N20A59">Charles M. Joseph</author> <title level="a" xml:id="title_N20A5B">Structural Pacing in the Nielsen Quartet The Carl Nielsen Companion <editor xml:id="editor_N20A63">Mina Miller</editor> <biblScope unit="page" xml:id="biblScope_N20A69">460–88</biblScope> <imprint xml:id="imprint_N20A6C"> <date isodate="1994" xml:id="date_N20A6D">1994</date> <pubPlace xml:id="pubPlace_N20A70">London</pubPlace> </imprint> </bibl> <bibl label="" xml:id="bibl_524d04c0"> <genre xml:id="genre_N20A78">article</genre> <genre xml:id="genre_N20A7A">journal</genre> <author xml:id="author_N20A7C">Friedhelm Krummacher</author> <title level="a" xml:id="title_N20A7E">Steps to Modernism. Carl Nielsen's String Quartets Carl Nielsen Studies 2 89–131 2005 article journal Inger Sørensen Musiklivet på Fuglsang Fund og Forskning i Det Kongelige Biblioteks Samlinger 52 213–247 2013 article journal Niels Krabbe Two newly discovered sources for the String Quartet in F Major, Opus 44, and the Suite for Piano, Opus 45 Carl Nielsen Studies 2012 Copenhagen The Royal Library 5 382–84 Instrumental music Chamber music String quartet Strygekvartet <key mode="major" pname="f" xml:id="key_N20AEF"/> <history xml:id="history_fe2262d4"> <eventList type="performances" xml:id="eventList_ffd473bf"> <event xml:id="event_d1e22192169"> <date isodate="1906-08-10" xml:id="date_N20AFF">1906-08-10</date> <geogName role="venue" xml:id="geogName_10a18515">Fuglsang</geogName> <geogName role="place" xml:id="geogName_77f7d925">Lolland</geogName> <persName role="performer" xml:id="persName_1501bab7">Carl Nielsen</persName> <persName role="performer" xml:id="persName_ac08ef99">Julius Röntgen</persName> <persName role="performer" xml:id="persName_f2622ad4">Gerard von Brucken Fock</persName> <persName role="performer" xml:id="persName_18c94f14">Engelbert Röntgen</persName> <desc xml:id="desc_e7f852e4">First performance. Carl Nielsen's remark in a letter to Henrik Knudsen dated 9 Aug. 1906 seems to refer to the first rehearsal rather than the first performance: 'Vi har idag spillet min nye Kvartet og den klinger som jeg havde ventet mig' (We have played my new quartet today and it sounds as I had expected).</desc> <biblList xml:id="biblList_c14674ac"> <head xml:id="head_N20B1F">Evidence</head> <bibl label="" xml:id="bibl_7436514b"> <genre xml:id="genre_N20B24">concert programme</genre> <title xml:id="title_N20B26">Julius Röntgen's handwritten concert programme DK-Kk Acc. 2013/29 Inger Sørensen, 'Musiklivet på Fuglsang', Fund og Forskning i Det Kongelige Biblioteks Samlinger, 52 (2013), p. 239 1907-11-30 Odd Fellow Palæet Copenhagen Ludvig Holm, violin Johannes Schiørring, violin Kristian Sandby, viola Ernst Høeberg, cello Carl Nielsen. First public performance. Reviews article journal Robert Henriques <title level="j" xml:id="title_N20B6A">Vort Land 1907-12-01 article journal Gustav Hetsch <title level="j" xml:id="title_N20B84">Nationaltidende 1907-12-01 article journal L.R. <title level="j" xml:id="title_N20B9E">Dannebrog 1907-12-01 article journal Charles Kjerulf <title level="j" xml:id="title_N20BB8">Politiken 1907-12-01 article journal S.A. <title level="j" xml:id="title_N20BD2">København 1907-12-01 article journal <title level="j" xml:id="title_N20BEB">Ekstrabladet 1907-12-01 article journal <title level="j" xml:id="title_N20C04">Berlingske Tidende 1907-12-02 1907-12-12 Studenterforeningen Copenhagen Ludvig Holm, violin Johannes Schiørring, violin Kristian Sandby, viola Ernst Høeberg, cello Kammermusikforeningen. Reviews Evidence 1909-01-07 Odd Fellow Palæet Copenhagen Ludvig Holm, violin Johannes Schiørring, violin Julius Borup, viola Ernst Høeberg, cello Privat Kammermusikforening. Reviews Evidence 1909-01-09 Odd Fellow Palæet Copenhagen Ludvig Holm, violin Johannes Schiørring, violin Julius Borup, viola Ernst Høeberg, cello Privat Kammermusikforening. Reviews Evidence 1909-04-17 Studenterforeningen Copenhagen Ludvig Holm, violin Johannes Schiørring, violin Julius Borup, viola Ernst Høeberg, cello Carl Nielsen. Reviews Evidence 1912-12-13 Østerbros Teater Copenhagen Axel Gade, violin Johannes Schiørring, violin Louis Witzansky, viola Ernst Høeberg, cello Østerbro Kammermusikforening. Reviews Evidence 1913-04-10 Studenterforeningen Copenhagen Axel Gade, violin Johannes Schiørring, violin Louis Witzansky, viola Ernst Høeberg, cello Kammermusikforeningen. Reviews Evidence 1913-04-21 Copenhagen Axel Gade, violin Johannes Schiørring, violin Louis Witzansky, viola Ernst Høeberg, cello Private Chamber Music Society (Privat Kammermusikforening). Reviews Evidence 1913-04-26 Copenhagen Axel Gade, violin Johannes Schiørring, violin Louis Witzansky, viola Ernst Høeberg, cello Private Chamber Music Society (Privat Kammermusikforening). Reviews Evidence 1919-01-04 Den Frie Udstilling Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen, violin Niels Broesbøl-Jensen, violin Niels Borre, viola Johan Hye-Knudsen, cello Reviews Evidence 1919-01-05 Den Frie Udstilling Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen, violin Niels Broesbøl-Jensen, violin Niels Borre, viola Johan Hye-Knudsen, cello Reviews Evidence 1919-01-12 Den Frie Udstilling Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen-Kvartetten Thorvald Nielsen, violin Niels Jensen, violin Niels Borre, viola Johan Hye-Knudsen, cello Reviews Evidence 1919-03-22 Aarhus Teater Aarhus Thovald Nielsen Kvartetten Thovald Nielsen, violin Ludvig Gunder, violin Niels Borre, viola Johan Hye-Knudsen, cello Reviews Evidence 1919-03-27 Casinos Koncertsal Copenhagen Emil Telmányi, violin Henry Holst, violin Thorvald Nielsen, viola Louis Jensen, cello Reviews Evidence 1919-03-28 Teatersalen Nyborg Thorvald Niensen Kvartetten Thorvald Niensen, violin Ludvig Gunder, violin Niels Borre, viola Johan Hye-Knudsen, cello Reviews Evidence 1919-04-10 Studenterforeningen Copenhagen Thovald Nielsen Kvartetten Thorvald Nielsen, violin Ludvig Gunder, violin Niels Borre, viola Johan Hye-Knudsen, cello Reviews Evidence 1921-10-13 Teatret Gammelting Haderslev Gunna Breuning-Storm, violin Gerhard Rafn, violin Ella Faber, viola Paulus Bache, cello Reviews Evidence 1922-01-07 Hornung & Møllers Koncertsal Copenhagen Gunna Breuning-Storm, violin Gerhard Rafn, violin Ella Faber, viola Paulus Bache, cello Reviews Evidence 1922-01-10 Hornung & Møllers Koncertsal Copenhagen Gunna Breuning-Storm, violin Gerhard Rafn, violin Ella Faber, viola Paulus Bache, cello Reviews Evidence 1922-02-27 Bechstein-Saal Berlin Breuning-Bache Kvartetten Reviews Evidence 1925-03-19 Industriforeningens nye Foredragssal Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen, violin Erling Bloch, violin Hans Kassow, viola Johan Hye-Knudsen, cello Reviews Evidence 1925-10-10 Odd Fellow Palæet Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen Strygekvartetten Reviews Evidence 1925-11-18 Saalbau Kirchholtes Mülheim, Ruhr Grevesmühl Quartett Reviews Evidence 1925-12-03 University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Gunna Breuning-Storm, violin Gerhard Rafn, violin Ella Faber, viola Paulus Bache, cello Reviews Evidence 1926-01-14 Industribygningens Festsal Copenhagen Gunna Breuning-Storm, violin Gerhard Rafn, violin Axel Jørgensen, viola Paulus Bache, cello Reviews Evidence 1926-01-18 Teatersalen Fredericia Thorvald Nielsen, violin Erling Bloch, violin Hans Kassow, viola Louis Jensen, cello Reviews Evidence 1926-02-01 Paladshotellet Esbjerg Thorvald Nielsen, violin Erling Bloch, violin Hans Kassow, viola Louis Jensen, cello Reviews Evidence 1926-02-16 Odd Fellow Palæet Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen, violin Erling Bloch, violin Hans Kassow, viola Louis Jensen, cello Reviews Evidence 1926-02-18 Odd Fellow Palæet Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen, violin Erling Bloch, violin Hans Kassow, viola Louis Jensen, cello Reviews Evidence 1927-05-14 Konservatoriet Stockholm Lince Berglund, violin Nils Gustavsson, violin Åke Karlsson, viola Gustaf Jonsson, cello Reviews Evidence 1927-09-05 Radiostudiet, Købmagergade Copenhagen Breuning-Bache Kvartetten Reviews Evidence 1927-10-19 Börse Prague Thorvald Nielsen Strygekvartetten Reviews Evidence 1927-11-29 Odd Fellow Palæet Copenhagen Kolisch-Kvartetten Rudolph Kolisch, violin Felix Khuner, violin Eugen Lehner, viola Benar Heifetz, cello Reviews Evidence 1927-12-10 Odd Fellow Palæet Copenhagen Wiener-Strygekvartten (Kolisch-Kvartetten) Reviews Evidence 1928-05-02 Aarhus Harald Andersen, violin Niels Jørgensen, violin Thyge Haumüller, viola Thomas Jensen, cello Reviews Evidence 1929-01-21 Frederiksberg Kammermusikforening Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen Strygekvartetten Thorvald Nielsen, violin Erling Bloch, violin Hans Kassow, viola Louis Jensen, cello Reviews Evidence 1929-05-06 Vejle Musikforening Vejle Thorvald Nielsen Strygekvartetten Reviews Evidence 1930-03-20 Industribygningens Festsal Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen, violin Erling Bloch, violin Hans Kassow, viola Louis Jensen, cello Reviews Evidence 1931-01-26 Hornung & Møllers Sal Copenhagen Gunna Breuning-Storm, violin Gerhard Rafn, violin Axel Jørgensen, viola Paulus Bache, cello Reviews Evidence 1931-02-03 Studentermusikforeningen Copenhagen Julius Koppel/Ketty Faber/ Frans Faber?, violin Frank Anton Svendsen, viola Hans Hekscher, cello Reviews Evidence 1931-10-01 Industribygningens Festsal Copenhagen Thorvald Nielsen, violin Erling Bloch, violin Hans Kassow, viola Louis Jensen, Cello Reviews Evidence

string quartet <contributor xml:id="respStmt_2896c5a0"/> <incip xml:id="incip_89e4b245"> <incipText xml:id="incipText_a22418ec"> </incipText> <graphic label="" target="/dcm/assets/udgivelser/cnw/incipits/lowres/cnw_058_1.png" targettype="lowres" xml:id="graphic_96670317"/> <graphic label="" target="/dcm/assets/udgivelser/cnw/incipits/hires/cnw_058_1.png" targettype="hires" xml:id="graphic_9eaf8c69"/> </incip> <tempo xml:id="tempo_562cfb57">Allegro non tanto e comodo</tempo> <key mode="major" pname="f" xml:id="key_dbbd6327"/> <meter count="3" unit="4" xml:id="meter_8c0b8a5b"/> <perfMedium analog="marc:048" xml:id="perfMedium_2136910c"> <perfResList xml:id="perfResList_1213N20BCB"/> </perfMedium> </expression> <expression n="2" xml:id="expression_d1e25802519" label="2"> <title xml:id="title_92f3a2a4" xml:lang="da"/> <contributor xml:id="respStmt_3de5c6b5"/> <incip xml:id="incip_e9979803"> <incipText xml:id="incipText_a861aa4b"> </incipText> <graphic label="" target="/dcm/assets/udgivelser/cnw/incipits/lowres/cnw_058_2.png" targettype="lowres" xml:id="graphic_ac03428d"/> <graphic label="" target="/dcm/assets/udgivelser/cnw/incipits/hires/cnw_058_2.png" targettype="hires" xml:id="graphic_fe1a6b62"/> </incip> <tempo xml:id="tempo_8dccb324">Adagio con sentimento religioso</tempo> <key mode="major" pname="c" xml:id="key_3ed9e6dc"/> <meter sym="common" xml:id="meter_eb9cfdfb"/> <perfMedium analog="marc:048" xml:id="perfMedium_9a050c30"> <perfResList xml:id="perfResList_1213N20BF7"/> </perfMedium> </expression> <expression n="3" xml:id="expression_d1e26232561" label="3"> <title xml:id="title_13645321" xml:lang="da"/> <contributor xml:id="respStmt_68c95302"/> <incip xml:id="incip_b6b8860a"> <incipText xml:id="incipText_43f0bac7"> </incipText> <graphic label="" target="/dcm/assets/udgivelser/cnw/incipits/lowres/cnw_058_3.png" targettype="lowres" xml:id="graphic_8550ccac"/> <graphic label="" target="/dcm/assets/udgivelser/cnw/incipits/hires/cnw_058_3.png" targettype="hires" xml:id="graphic_fdce00d4"/> </incip> <tempo xml:id="tempo_b0f9b591">Allegretto moderato ed innocente</tempo> <key mode="minor" pname="a" xml:id="key_3621ffe2"/> <meter count="2" unit="4" xml:id="meter_f3a2db02"/> <perfMedium analog="marc:048" xml:id="perfMedium_c52c980c"> <perfResList xml:id="perfResList_1213N20C23"/> </perfMedium> </expression> <expression n="4" xml:id="expression_d1e26662603" label="4"> <title xml:id="title_e18a78cf" xml:lang="da">Finale

Molto adagio. Allegro non tanto, ma molto scherzoso Sketches notated music manuscript autograph sketch fragment F DK-Kk CNS 41c Score, draft (first and second movements) notated music manuscript autograph score draft excerpt D DK-Kk CNS 41a Score, draft (third and fourth movements) notated music manuscript autograph score draft excerpt E DK-Kk CNS 41b Score, autograph, printer's manuscript notated music manuscript autograph score printer's copy complete D-LEsta 21070-5638 Parts, manuscript copy, printer's manuscript notated music manuscript copy parts printer's copy complete C DK-Kk CNS 41d B Pocket score, print C.F. Peters Leipzig 1923

Dem Kopenhagener Streichquartett / Gunna Breuning, Gerhard Rafn, Ella Faber u. Paulus Bache / freundschaftlich gewidmet. / Quartett / [Fdur] / für / zwei Violinen, Viola und Violoncello / von / Carl Nielsen / Opus 44 / Aufführungsrecht vorbehalten. / Eigentum des Verlegers. / Leipzig, C. F. Peters. / 10362.

notated music print copy score first edition complete A Parts, print C.F. Peters Leipzig 1923

Dem Kopenhagener Streichquartett / Gunna Breuning, Gerhard Rafn, Ella Faber / u. Paulus Bache / freundschaftlich gewidmet. / Quartett / [Fdur] / für / zwei Violinen, Viola und Violoncello / von / Carl Nielsen / Opus 44 / Aufführungsrecht vorbehalten. / Eigentum des Verlegers. / Leipzig / C. F. Peters. / 10363.

notated music print copy parts first edition complete ebp

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